Substrate improvement is a key link in the success of aquaculture. The most popular bottom-modifying products on the market are potassium peroxymonosulfate and chlorine dioxide, but which one is better? This article conducts an in-depth analysis from four major dimensions: the principle, effect, cost, and safety of the base modification, helping you find the most suitable base modification plan! I. Principles of Bottom Modification
Potassium peroxymonosulfate, with its core component being potassium peroxymonosulfate complex salt, has an oxidation-reduction potential as high as 1.85V, far exceeding that of traditional oxidants such as chlorine dioxide and potassium permanganate. After entering the water body, it achieves "quadruple bottom improvement" by releasing derivatives such as active oxygen and free radicals: oxidizing organic matter, degrading toxins, killing and inhibiting bacteria, and loosening the bottom sediment.
Chlorine dioxide, as the fourth-generation chlorine-containing disinfectant, penetrates the cell membranes of bacteria through its strong oxidizing property, directly decomposes proteins and nucleic acids, and has a killing rate of over 99% against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and other bacteria. However, its ability to improve the bottom is relatively single, mainly relying on oxidation to decompose organic matter, and its effect on improving deep-seated problems such as blackening and hardening of the sediment is relatively weak.
Ii. Comparison of Bottom Modification Effects
Potassium peroxymonosulfate
Long-lasting effect: After releasing active oxygen, a long-lasting bactericidal network is formed. Even if the efficacy weakens, it can still react with chloride ions in water to generate hypochlorous acid, continuously inhibiting the regeneration of microorganisms.
Comprehensive effect: The experiment shows that after using 20% potassium peroxymonosulfate to modify the bottom plate, the blackening of the bottom mud was significantly improved within 10 days, the ammonia nitrogen concentration decreased by 40%, and the food intake of fish and shrimp increased by 15%.
Applicable scenarios: High-density aquaculture ponds, severely deteriorated bottom sediment (such as black and odorous bottom mud), or scenarios where simultaneous sterilization is required.
Chlorine dioxide
Rapidity: Kills most bacteria within 5 minutes, and the efficacy gradually weakens after 1 day.
Limitations: It has a relatively weak ability to degrade deep organic matter and toxins in the sediment, and long-term use may lead to repeated deterioration of the sediment.
Applicable scenarios: Disinfection of empty ponds, emergency treatment during acute disease outbreaks, or used in combination with other bottom-modifying agents.
Iii. Cost and Safety
Cost comparison
Potassium peroxymonosulfate: The dosage of 50% powder is 200-300 grams per mu, with a cost of approximately 20-30 yuan per application. It is relatively expensive but requires less dosage.
Chlorine dioxide: About 200 grams per mu, with a cost of approximately 10 to 15 yuan per application, offering a higher cost-performance ratio.
"Security comparison"
Potassium peroxymonosulfate: The decomposition products are potassium sulfate and water, with no residue and no irritation. Operators do not need special protection.
Chlorine dioxide: It has a pungent chlorine smell. When operating, a gas mask and gloves must be worn. It should not be mixed with alkaline substances such as quicklime, otherwise it may cause poisoning reactions.
Iv. Ultimate Choice Guide
Severe deterioration of the substrate (black, odorous, and compacted) : Select potassium peroxymonosulfate for long-lasting bottom improvement and sterilization.
For disinfection of empty ponds or acute diseases: Choose chlorine dioxide, which has a fast sterilization effect and low cost.
High-density aquaculture or long-term water adjustment: Potassium peroxymonosulfate as the main component, used regularly (once every 10 to 15 days);
Near residential areas or water sources: Prioritize potassium peroxymonosulfate and avoid the pungent smell of chlorine dioxide.